ECONOMICS OF ATATÜRK PERIOD

Abstract

Nineteen.in the CU century, the Ottoman Empire carried the quality of being an open market for European states to the further dimensions.Because of the wars we lost in the same century, the economic collapse began, the capitulations and the industrial revolution brought about the failure to adapt to the new situation made the Empire inevitable.Due to capitulations, foreign capital in the world and Europe came to the Ottoman lands and shaken the existing economic structure based on the Guild system within the Empire. During the First World War and the war of independence, the economic structure was completely collapsed.Republic of Turkey in 1923C. This is the economic structure taken over in the establishment of the state. The Ottoman Empire has a different socio-economic structure from the West.In addition, when the Empire began the movement for development and change, the West began its colonial activities.In parallel with this, the Imperial economy began to shape foreign trade relations in line with Western Europe's wishes and needs. .Processed consumer goods in Western Europe began to spread in the Ottoman Empire's internal market.Besides, the raw material sources of the Empire began to flow westward.However, these resources had to be processed domestically. As a continuation of the westernization movement, military and administrative institutions of the Empire were tried to be likened to Europe.As a result of integration with the outside, new legal financial and economic institutions and mechanisms have also settled in the country and took place next to traditional local structures.Fiscal shocks have reduced the country's standing power.Thus, the country has entered into borrowing process from foreign countries.With this borrowing, the financial resources in the country flow outwards.No effort has been made to promote industrialization.As a requirement of the religious leaders of the soldiers and a structure based on agriculture, there is the sovereignty of the landowners, and the dominance of the minorities in the trade and industrial sectors.The presence of foreign banks without Turkish supervision has had negative effects on economic growth and development. Investment funds could not be mobilized and the capital market could not be developed. The aim of this study is to analyze the period before 1923 and until 1938.